Curtido is the tangy cabbage slaw of El Salvador – shredded cabbage with carrot, onion, dried oregano and often chili – served heaped alongside pupusas, together with a thin tomato salsa. Its sharp, crunchy acidity cuts through the rich, cheese- or bean-filled corn cakes. Similar relishes are made in neighboring Central American countries.
Fermented or Not?
There are two ways to make curtido, and they’re different foods:
- Quick vinegar curtido: the vegetables are briefly blanched or salted and soaked in diluted vinegar, ready in hours. This is a pickle, not a ferment: an international expert panel’s definition of fermented foods excludes vegetables pickled in vinegar (Marco et al., 2021). It has no live cultures, and – like other unprocessed vinegar pickles – it belongs in the fridge (NCHFP).
- Fermented curtido: the vegetables are salted and packed so their own juice covers them, and lactic acid bacteria sour them over several days, exactly as in sauerkraut. Eaten raw, this version contains live cultures.
The old method on this page – salted vegetables covered with half-strength vinegar and left out for a week – sits awkwardly in between: the vinegar slows the fermentation it’s supposed to start. Choose one approach; the recipe card below is the fermented one.
Salt for the Fermented Version
Use the sauerkraut ratio: about 2–2.5% salt by weight of the vegetables (NCHFP) – 20–25 g salt per kilogram of cabbage, carrot and onion. Less salt risks soft, spoiled vegetables; more slows the fermentation. Weigh the vegetables and the salt rather than using spoons, because salt crystal size varies so much. For more on mixed-vegetable slaws, see Korean kimchi, and for films, mold and soft vegetables, our troubleshooting guide.
Serving
Pile curtido onto pupusas with a spoonful of thin tomato salsa, or serve it with tacos, grilled meat, beans or rice. A splash of vinegar or lime at the table brightens the fermented version without changing what’s in the jar.